1. clothes, cloth, clothing
　clothes統指各種衣服，謂語動詞永遠是復數， cloth指布，為不可數名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
　incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
　amount后接不可數名詞， number后接可數名詞 a number of students
4. family, house, home
　home 家，包括住處和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
　sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
　photo用照相機拍攝的照片，picture可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing畫的畫 Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
　vocabulary詞匯，一個人擁有的單詞量，word具體的單詞He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
　population人口，人數，people具體的人 China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
　weather一天內具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
　road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
　take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
　course課程（可包括多門科目），subject科目（具體的學科）a summer course
12. custom, habit
　custom傳統風俗，習俗，也可指生活習慣，后接to do， habit生活習慣，習慣成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
　cause 指造成某一事實或現象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現象或結果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
　exercise運動，鍛煉（不可數），exercises練習（可數），practice（反復做的）練習 Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
　作“課”解時，兩者可以替換，指課文用lesson。指班級或全體學生用class. lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
　speech指在公共場所所做的經過準備的較正式的演說，talk日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture學術性的演講，講課 a series of lecture on…
17. officer, official
　officer部隊的軍官，official政府官員 an army officer
18. work, job
　二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數 a good job
19. couple, pair
　couple主要指人或動物，pair多指由兩部分組成的東西 a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
　country側重指版圖，疆域，nation指人民，國民，民族，state側重指政府，政體，land國土，國家 The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
　cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
　damage不可數名詞，損害，損失; damages復數形式，賠償金 $900 damages
23. police, policeman
　police警察的總稱，后接復數謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
　problem常和困難連系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用
25. man, a man
　man人類，a man一個男人 Man will conquer nature.
26. chick, chicken
　二者均可指小雞，chicken還可以當雞肉 The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
　當電報解時，telegram指具體的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
　travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip
29. sport, game
　sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等；game指決定勝負的游戲，通常有一套規則 His favorite sport is swimming.
30. price, prize
　price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
31. a number of, the number of
　a number of許多，謂語動詞用復數。the number of…的數目，謂語動詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
　in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.
33. of the day, of a day
　of the day每一天的，當時的，當代的， of a day暫時的，不長久的 a famous scientist of the day
34. three of us, the three of us
　three of us我們（不止三個）中的三個，the three of us我們三個（就三個人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
　by bus表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus表范圍 They went there by bus.36. for a moment, for the moment
　for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時，一時 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
　next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
　more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年（兩年或三年等）
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
　take advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
　take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.
41. in a word, in words
　in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.
42. in place of, in the place of
　in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
　in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語；in the secret知道內情，知道秘密，一般用作表語 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
　a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?
45. take a chair, take the chair
　take a chair相當于sit down坐下，take the chair開始開會
46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
　go to sea當海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea
47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
　the doctor and teacher指一個人，既是醫生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個人，一個醫生和一個老師 the doctor and teacher is
48. in office, in the office
　in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
49. in bed, on the bed
　in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
50. in charge of, in the charge of
　in charge of管理，負責照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
51. in class, in the class
　in class在課上，in the class在班級里 He is the best student in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
　on fire著火，on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
　out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的
54. a second, the second
　a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.
55. by day, by the day
　by day白天，by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.
56. the people, a people
　the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
57. it, one
　it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
58. that, this
　that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why…
59. none, nothing, no one
　none強調有多少，nothing, no one強調有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人
　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
60. anyone, any one
　anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you
61. who, what
　who指姓名或關系，what指職業或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
　what的選擇基礎是無限制的，which在一定范圍內進行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
63. other, another
　other后接名詞復數，another后接名詞單數 other students, another student
64. not a little, not a bit
　not a little非常，not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
　many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，a lot of可數，不可數均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
66. much more…than, many more…than
　much more…than后接形容詞或不可數名詞，many more…than后接可數名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
67. no, not
　no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
68. no more than, not more than
　no more than相當于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
69. majority, most
　majority只能修飾可數名詞，most可數不可數均可 the majority of people
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
　by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自動的 The door opened of itself.